| Id No | Entry No | Source | Source link | Source Type | Main Domain | Sub-domain 1 | Sub-domain 2 | Key Points | Citns Jan 24 |
| 601 | 13 | Noblet JP, Simon E, Parent R. Absorptive capacity: a proposed operationalization. Knowl Manage Res Pract. 2011;9(4):367-377. doi:10.1057/kmrp.2011.26 | Link | Review /Overview | Groups | Organisations | Learning | The concept of organisational learning has rather strangely received more attention in the commercial sector as an important driver of performance and innovation than in academic and healthcare institutions. In essence this paper builds upon and clarifies an earlier classification of this process into four stages : Acquisition, Assimilation,Transformation and Exploitation, stages that obviously mirror similar mechanisms of individual learning. It is clear that the capacity to absorb and effectively use information originating externally is much more important in performance enhancement both quantitatively and qualitatively than internal research and development. This website was developed in part to provide one set of tools to facilitate both organisational and individual learning from important but often overlooked external sources.As in most other human activities we learn and act more by copying the ideas and activities of others than though our own creative endeavours. | 177 |
| 599 | 11 | Haynes AB, Weiser TG, Berry WR, et al. A surgical safety checklist to reduce morbidity and mortality in a global population. New England Journal of Medicine. 2009;360(5):491-499 | Link | Empirical study | Groups | Teams | Safety | This was the first major study to showing significant reductions in surgical mortality and complication rates in a wide range of hospital settings through the use of checklists.. Although the value of this approach has since been widely accepted some surgeons still are still reluctant to embed it in routine practice. Might this be a flag for other behavioral / performance issues ? | 6,655 |
| 598 | 10 | Hickson GB, Pichert JW, Webb LE, Gabbe SG. A complementary approach to promoting professionalism: identifying, measuring, and addressing unprofessional behaviors. Academic Medicine. 2007;82(11):1040. | Link | Empirical study | Individuals | Doctors | Behaviour - aberrant | A comprehensive and well validated model for addressing disruptive behaviour in medical staff. It uses specific training for staff delivering a program with a 4 four level graduated intervention : 1 informal conversations for single incidents,2 non-punitive “awareness” interventions when data reveal patterns, 3 leader-developed action plans if patterns persist, and imposition of disciplinary processes if all else fails | 413 |
| 597 | 9 | Simon HA. A behavioral model of rational choice. The quarterly journal of economics. 1955;69(1):99-118. | Link | Theory /Hypothesis | Individuals | In general | Rationality - bounded | A landmark paper that shifted thinking away from the traditional models of economic decision-making through rational quantitative assessment of all the relevant factors, and towards the reality that we cannot possibly take into account and integrate all the myriad pieces of information. We therefore 'bound' our scope of attention and decision-making to fit our limited cognitive abilities. This 'satisficing' model applies wherever complex decisions involving many factors have to be made such as in specialist medicine. The resultant narrowing of attention is unavoidable but can result in sub optimal and uncoordinated decision making where several specialists have to work together | 24,293 |
| 596 | 8 | Blastland M, Freeman ALJ, van der Linden S, Marteau TM, Spiegelhalter D. Five rules for evidence communication. Nature. 2020;587(7834):362-364. | Link | Review /Overview | Groups | Patients | Communication | A shorter and more concise version of the advice in van der Bles paper Link | 109 |
| 594 | 7 | Dörner D. The Logic of Failure : Recognizing and Avoiding Error in Complex Situations. Addison-Wesley Pub.; 1997 | Link | Book | Individuals | In general | Error | An exploration of how different people have different capacities for system thinking especially in stock and flow or other problems of complex origin. Relevant to hospital patient flow and bed management. As with other studies of system thinking abilities, high intelligence is no guarantee of success in solving these sorts of problems, nor is it related to any particular personalty type, | |
| 505 | 6 | Kruger, J. & Dunning, D. Unskilled and unaware of it: how difficulties in recognizing one’s own incompetence lead to inflated self-assessments. Journal of personality and social psychology 77, 1121 (1999). | Link | Empirical study | Individuals | In general | Behaviour - aberrant | People who are most ignorant about a topics are often the most confident of their knowledge - the "Dunning Kruger" effect | 6,575 |
| 497 | 5 | van der Bles, A. M. et al. Communicating uncertainty about facts, numbers and science. Royal Society Open Science 6, 181870 (2019). | Link | Review /Overview | Groups | Patients | Communication | An overview of the rationale of, and techniques for, communicating uncertainty about scientific findings and other important public issues | 81 |
| 494 | 4 | Mercier, H. & Sperber, D. The enigma of reason: a new theory of human understanding. (2018) | Link | Theory /Hypothesis | Individuals | In general | Beliefs / attitudes | Convincingly argues that reasoning is used mainly to justify our internal pre-existing beliefs, and to persuade others to our adopt our beliefs, rather than to follow the pathways suggested by cool logic and empirically derived and demonstrably unequivocal facts. | 820 |
| 486 | 3 | Granovetter, M. Threshold models of collective behavior. The American Journal of Sociology 83, 1420–1443 (1978). | Link | Theory /Hypothesis | Groups | In general | Behaviour | An interesting conceptual model suggesting that collective actions such as rioting may spread in a group based on chance interactions between individuals with different thresholds for this type of behaviour. Rioting starts when these connections occur in combinations favourable for the development of a cascade. It seems plausible that this may also occur in less dramatic forms of contagious human behaviour such as stock market ans social media frenzies and other 'madness of crowds' Author references Solomon Asch's famous studies of group pressure to generate social conformity even in the face of clear objective evidence to the contrary | 6,402 |
| 485 | 2 | Asch, S. E. (1952). Group forces in the modification and distortion of judgments. In S. E. Asch, Social psychology (pp. 450–501). | Link | Empirical study | Individuals | In general | Behaviour - aberrant | The classic study of effects of group pressure in which subjects were shown lines of clearly different length. Some subjects in these groups however were required to give false answers that they were the same. About 30% of the test subjects (who were in ignorance of this collusion) followed group pressure and agreed with the false opinions of the majority.Although Asch's original study population were male USA college students, and from an era of very different socio-poltical conditions,similar results have been found in different countries, and cultures. | 2,726 |
| 484 | 1 | Berns, G. S. et al. Neurobiological correlates of social conformity and independence during mental rotation. Biol. Psychiatry 58, 245–253 (2005). | Link | Empirical study | Individuals | In general | Neuroscience | Study similar in design to that used by Solomon Asch, (Entry no 2 in this database) ie to study social conformity but using functional MRI - showed that this may activate areas of the brain involved in perception rather than prefrontal 'judgement' areas. This would seem to suggest that in some folk, pressure of this sort changes what they actually see, not just how they think they should respond | 385 |